Cognitive behavioral therapy skills via a smartphone app for subthreshold depression among adults in the community: the RESiLIENT randomized controlled trial
Toshi A. Furukawa, Aran Tajika, Rie Toyomoto, Masatsugu Sakata, Yan Luo, Masaru Horikoshi, Tatsuo Akechi, Norito Kawakami, Takeo Nakayama, Naoki Kondo, Shingo Fukuma, Ronald C. Kessler, Helen Christensen, Alexis Whitton, Inbal Nahum-Shani, Wolfgang Lutz, Pim Cuijpers, James M. S. Wason, Hisashi Noma
This repository contains the R codes used for the statistical analyses of the article "Five cognitive and behavioural skills to treat subthreshold depression among adults in the community: A master study of smartphone CBT involving four 2x2 factorial randomised trials (RESiLIENT trial)" (Furukawa et al., 2025). The protocol paper and statistical analysis plan document are published as Furukawa et al. (2023) and Noma et al. (2024).
The "Codes" directory of this repository contains:
-- Tables_2_and_3a.r: R code to generate the results in Tables 2 and 3a;
-- Table_3b.r: R code to generate the results in Table 3b;
-- Table_3c.r: R code to generate the results in Table 3c;
-- Table_4.r: R code to generate the results in Table 4;
-- Table_5a.r: R code to generate the results for 6 weeks in Table 5;
-- Table_5b.r: R code to generate the results for 26 weeks in Table 5;
-- E-Table_4.r: R code to generate the results in Table 4 of Extended Data;
-- E-Table_5.r: R code to generate the results in Table 5 of Extended Data;
-- E-Table_6.r: R code to generate the results in Table 6 of Extended Data;
-- E-Table_7.r: R code to generate the results in Table 7 of Extended Data;
-- S-Table_1.r: R code to generate the results in Table S1 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_2.r: R code to generate the results in Table S2 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_3.r: R code to generate the results in Table S3 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_4.r: R code to generate the results in Table S4 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_5.r: R code to generate the results in Table S5 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_6.r: R code to generate the results in Table S6 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_7.r: R code to generate the results in Table S7 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_8a.r: R code to generate the results in Table S8a of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_8b.r: R code to generate the results in Table S8b of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_9.r: R code to generate the results in Table S9 of Supplementary Data;
-- S-Table_10.r: R code to generate the results in Table S10 of Supplementary Data.
For the MMRM (mixed-effects models for repeated measurements) analyses, we used the R packages mmrm ver. 0.3.11 (Sabanes Bove et al., 2024) and emmeans ver. 1.9.0 (Lenth et al., 2023).
References:
Furukawa, T. A., Tajika, A., Toyomoto, R., et al. (2025). Cognitive behavioral therapy skills via a smartphone app for subthreshold depression among adults in the community: the RESiLIENT randomized controlled trial. Nature Medicine, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-03639-1. (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03639-1)
Furukawa, T. A., Tajika, A., Sakata, M., et al. (2023). Four 2x2 factorial trials of smartphone CBT to reduce subthreshold depression and to prevent new depressive episodes among adults in the community-RESiLIENT trial (Resilience Enhancement with Smartphone in LIving ENvironmenTs): a master protocol. BMJ Open 13, e067850. (https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067850)
Noma, H., Furukawa, T. A., Tajika, A., et al. (2024). RESiLIENT (Resilience Enhancement with Smartphone in LIving ENvironmenTs) Trial: The Statistical Analysis Plan. medRxiv 2024.03.16.24304261. (https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.16.24304261)
Sabanes Bove, D., Li, L., Dedic, J., et al. (2024). mmrm: Mixed Models for Repeated Measures. R package version 0.3.11. (https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.mmrm)
Lenth, R. V., Banfai, B., Bolker, B., et al. (2023). emmeans: Estimated Marginal Means, aka Least-Squares Means. R package version 1.9.0. (https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.emmeans)